Thoracic radiography in pediatric COVID-19 cases at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar in 2020-2021

Sri Asriyani; Eny Sanre; Andi Alfian Zainuddin; Jeremy Yoshua Santosa

doi:10.15562/bmj.v12i3.4725

Thoracic radiography in pediatric COVID-19 cases at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar in 2020-2021

Sri Asriyani ,

Eny Sanre ,

Andi Alfian Zainuddin ,

Jeremy Yoshua Santosa ,

pdf |
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v12i3.4725 |
Published: 2023-09-11

Abstract

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/hCLGE3-eNjw

Background: Computed tomography (CT) as a chest radiographic examination has emerged as a crucial procedure for screening, diagnosing, and monitoring COVID-19 patients. This study aims to determine the radiographic appearance of thoracic imaging in pediatric cases of COVID-19 at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital in Makassar, Indonesia.

Methods: This study is an observational study design that uses secondary data from medical records to examine the radiographic appearance of thoracic imaging in pediatric patients with COVID-19 infection. The study was conducted at the Radiology Department of Wahidin Sudirohusodo General Hospital in Makassar, Indonesia, from January 1^st 2020, to December 31^st 2021. The population included all pediatric patients with positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR results and a chest X-ray examination sent for thoracic imaging examination. The study sample was taken from all accessible populations that met the study criteria until the end of the study period.

Results: A total of 147 samples (51.05%) showed abnormalities or pathological lesions on thoracic radiography, with consolidation being the most common finding (27.77%) distributed diffusely in both unilateral and bilateral regions. The rarest pathological finding was pleural effusion in 22 samples (7.63%). Conversely, 141 samples (48.95%) showed normal results on thoracic radiography examination. In the age group of 0-<1 month, 46 samples (55.43%) showed abnormalities on thoracic radiography, with consolidation being the most common finding in this age group, found in 30 samples (36.14%).

Conclusion: This study showed that most children with COVID-19 symptoms exhibit abnormalities on thoracic radiography. However, these findings are not specific, and therefore, thoracic radiography cannot be used for screening or as a first-line diagnostic examination.

References

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To KK, Sridhar S, Chiu KH, Hung DL, Li X, Hung IF, et al. Lessons learned 1 year after SARS-CoV-2 emergence leading to COVID-19 pandemic. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2021;10(1):507-535.
Mohamadian M, Chiti H, Shoghli A, Biglari S, Parsamanesh N, Esmaeilzadeh A. COVID-19: Virology, biology and novel laboratory diagnosis. J Gene Med. 2021;23(2):e3303.
Ariawan I, Jusril H. COVID-19 in Indonesia: Where Are We?. Acta Med Indones. 2020;52(3):193-195.
Prokop M, van Everdingen W, van Rees Vellinga T, Quarles van Ufford H, Stöger L, Beenen L, et al. CO-RADS: A Categorical CT Assessment Scheme for Patients Suspected of Having COVID-19-Definition and Evaluation. Radiology. 2020;296(2):E97-E104.
Tabatabaei SMH, Talari H, Moghaddas F, Rajebi H. CT Features and Short-term Prognosis of COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Single-Center Study from Kashan, Iran. Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging. 2020;2(2):e200130.
Kim H, Hong H, Yoon SH. Diagnostic Performance of CT and Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction for Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Meta-Analysis. Radiology. 2020;296(3):E145-E155.
Borghesi A, Zigliani A, Masciullo R, Golemi S, Maculotti P, Farina D, et al. Radiographic severity index in COVID-19 pneumonia: relationship to age and sex in 783 Italian patients. Radiol Med. 2020;125(5):461-464.
Kalemci S, Sarıhan A, Zeybek A. Initial CT scan and its relationship with Covid-19. Heart Lung. 2021;50(2):177.
Xia W, Shao J, Guo Y, Peng X, Li Z, Hu D. Clinical and CT features in pediatric patients with COVID-19 infection: Different points from adults. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2020;55(5):1169-1174.
Wong HYF, Lam HYS, Fong AH, Leung ST, Chin TW, Lo CSY, et al. Frequency and Distribution of Chest Radiographic Findings in Patients Positive for COVID-19. Radiology. 2020;296(2):E72-E78.
Don C, Johnson R. The nature and significance of peribronchial cuffing in pulmonary edema. Radiology. 1977;125(3):577-582.
Oterino Serrano C, Alonso E, Andrés M, Buitrago NM, Pérez Vigara A, Parrón Pajares M, et al. Pediatric chest x-ray in covid-19 infection. Eur J Radiol. 2020;131:109236.
Meena J, Yadav J, Saini L, Yadav A, Kumar J. Clinical Features and Outcome of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Indian Pediatr. 2020;57(9):820-826.
Nino G, Zember J, Sanchez-Jacob R, Gutierrez MJ, Sharma K, Linguraru MG. Pediatric lung imaging features of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2021;56(1):252-263.
Kshanti IA, Aji G, Eprilliawati M, Mokoagow MI, Nasarudin J, Magfira N, et al. Clinical presentation and outcome of COVID-19 infection in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a preliminary data from a tertiary hospital in Jakarta during the early days of the pandemic. Bali Medical Journal. 2020;9(3):787-793.
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Madjawati A, Annisa. Correlation of chest radiography of confirmed COVID-19 patients with comorbid hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Bali Medical Journal. 2022;11(3):1644-1648.

[1] Sharma A, Ahmad Farouk I, Lal SK. COVID-19: A Review on the Novel Coronavirus Disease Evolution, Transmission, Detection, Control and Prevention. Viruses. 2021;13(2):202.

[2] To KK, Sridhar S, Chiu KH, Hung DL, Li X, Hung IF, et al. Lessons learned 1 year after SARS-CoV-2 emergence leading to COVID-19 pandemic. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2021;10(1):507-535.

[3] Mohamadian M, Chiti H, Shoghli A, Biglari S, Parsamanesh N, Esmaeilzadeh A. COVID-19: Virology, biology and novel laboratory diagnosis. J Gene Med. 2021;23(2):e3303.

[4] Ariawan I, Jusril H. COVID-19 in Indonesia: Where Are We?. Acta Med Indones. 2020;52(3):193-195.

[5] Prokop M, van Everdingen W, van Rees Vellinga T, Quarles van Ufford H, Stöger L, Beenen L, et al. CO-RADS: A Categorical CT Assessment Scheme for Patients Suspected of Having COVID-19-Definition and Evaluation. Radiology. 2020;296(2):E97-E104.

[6] Tabatabaei SMH, Talari H, Moghaddas F, Rajebi H. CT Features and Short-term Prognosis of COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Single-Center Study from Kashan, Iran. Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging. 2020;2(2):e200130.

[7] Kim H, Hong H, Yoon SH. Diagnostic Performance of CT and Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction for Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Meta-Analysis. Radiology. 2020;296(3):E145-E155.

[8] Borghesi A, Zigliani A, Masciullo R, Golemi S, Maculotti P, Farina D, et al. Radiographic severity index in COVID-19 pneumonia: relationship to age and sex in 783 Italian patients. Radiol Med. 2020;125(5):461-464.

[9] Kalemci S, Sarıhan A, Zeybek A. Initial CT scan and its relationship with Covid-19. Heart Lung. 2021;50(2):177.

[10] Xia W, Shao J, Guo Y, Peng X, Li Z, Hu D. Clinical and CT features in pediatric patients with COVID-19 infection: Different points from adults. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2020;55(5):1169-1174.

[11] Wong HYF, Lam HYS, Fong AH, Leung ST, Chin TW, Lo CSY, et al. Frequency and Distribution of Chest Radiographic Findings in Patients Positive for COVID-19. Radiology. 2020;296(2):E72-E78.

[12] Don C, Johnson R. The nature and significance of peribronchial cuffing in pulmonary edema. Radiology. 1977;125(3):577-582.

[13] Oterino Serrano C, Alonso E, Andrés M, Buitrago NM, Pérez Vigara A, Parrón Pajares M, et al. Pediatric chest x-ray in covid-19 infection. Eur J Radiol. 2020;131:109236.

[14] Meena J, Yadav J, Saini L, Yadav A, Kumar J. Clinical Features and Outcome of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Indian Pediatr. 2020;57(9):820-826.

[15] Nino G, Zember J, Sanchez-Jacob R, Gutierrez MJ, Sharma K, Linguraru MG. Pediatric lung imaging features of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2021;56(1):252-263.

[16] Kshanti IA, Aji G, Eprilliawati M, Mokoagow MI, Nasarudin J, Magfira N, et al. Clinical presentation and outcome of COVID-19 infection in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a preliminary data from a tertiary hospital in Jakarta during the early days of the pandemic. Bali Medical Journal. 2020;9(3):787-793.

[17] Kurniawati D, Prasetyo B, Pandu H, Nurdianto AR. Clinical presentation of maternal death with COVID-19 in rural tertiary care center: A retrospective-descriptive study. Bali Medical Journal. 2022;11(1):87-90.

[18] Madjawati A, Annisa. Correlation of chest radiography of confirmed COVID-19 patients with comorbid hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Bali Medical Journal. 2022;11(3):1644-1648.

Thoracic radiography in pediatric COVID-19 cases at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar in 2020-2021

Abstract

References

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