The efficacy of probiotics supplementation on the lipid profiles of obese adolescents : a randomized trial

I Putu Gede Karyana; Ni Luh Sri Apsari; I Wayan Dharma Artana; I Ketut Suarta; Putu Veny Kartika Yantie; Ni Nyoman Metriani Nesa; I Gusti Ngurah Sanjaya Putra; Soetjiningsih

doi:10.15562/bmj.v11i1.3163

The efficacy of probiotics supplementation on the lipid profiles of obese adolescents : a randomized trial

I Putu Gede Karyana ,

Ni Luh Sri Apsari ,

I Wayan Dharma Artana ,

I Ketut Suarta ,

Putu Veny Kartika Yantie ,

Ni Nyoman Metriani Nesa ,

I Gusti Ngurah Sanjaya Putra ,

Soetjiningsih ,

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v11i1.3163 |
Published: 2022-04-30

Abstract

Background: Obesity is defined as a medical condition characterized by excessive accumulation of body fat and is associated with an increased prevalence of dyslipidemia. Probiotics are living microorganisms, which upon consumption in sufficient numbers, exert health benefits. One of the benefits that has been studied is improving blood lipid profile. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of probiotics supplementation on obese adolescents’ lipid profiles.

Methods: A randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial involving 58 obese adolescents aged 12-15 years in Denpasar City was performed. After the physical activity, nutritional intake, and lipid profile were assessed, subjects were randomized with random block into two groups: the treatment group who received sachet containing probiotics with five strains bacteria (Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium bifidum) and the control group who received placebo for eight weeks. During the study, there were six drop out subjects, and the final analysis was performed on 52 subjects. The data was analyzed using MANCOVA test, with p value of <0,05 considered significant.

Results: In the supplementation group, total cholesterol was decreased by 22,6 mg/dL (95% CI: -33.3 to -12.1, p = 0.0001), LDL was decreased by 16.9 mg/dL (95%CI: - 26.7 to -7.1, p = 0.001), and TG was decreased by 30.8 mg/dL (95%CI: -55.3 to -6.4, p = 0.014). Probiotic supplementation was not proven to increase HDL levels and HDL: LDL ratio with p values of 0.370 and 0.374, respectively.

Conclusion: Probiotics supplementation in obese adolescent could reduce total cholesterol, LDL, TG, but had no effect on improving HDL levels and HDL: LDL ratio.

References

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Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Kit BK, Flegal KM. Prevalence of Obesity Among Children and Adolescents: United States, 2011-2012. JAMA 2014; 311(8): 806-814.
Pranata S, Fauziah Y, Budisuari MA, Kusrini I. Status Gizi. Riset Kesehatan Dasar dalam Angka Propinsi Bali 2013. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kementrian Kesehatan RI 2013. 248-275.
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Friedland O, Nemet D, Gorodnitsky N, Wolach B, Eliakim A. Obesity And Lipid Profiles In Children And Adolescents. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2002; 15(7): 1011-1016.
Freedman DS. Childhood Obesity and Coronary Heart Disease. In : Kiess, W, Marcus, C, Wabitsch M. Obesity in Childhood and Adolescents. Basel: Karger AG 2004. 160-169.
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daSilva ST, Santos CA, Bressan J. Intestinal microbiota; relevance to obesity and modulation by prebiotics and probiotics. Nutr Hosp 2013; 28(4): 1039-1048.
Moreno-Indias I, Cardona F, Tinahones FJ, Queipo-Ortuño MI. Impact Of The Gut Microbiota On The Development Of Obesity And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Microbiol 2014; 5: 190.
Charrois TL, Sandu G, Vohra S. Probiotics. Pediatr Rev 2006; 27(4): 137-139.
Vyas U, Ranganathan N. Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotics: Gut and Beyond. Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2012; 2012: 1-16.
Jones ML, Chen H, Ouyang W, Metz T, Prakash S. Microencapsulated Genetically Engineered Lactobacillus plantarum 80 (pCBH1) for Bile Acid Deconjugation and Its Implication in Lowering Cholesterol. Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2004; 1: 61–69,
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Anandharaj M, Sivasankari B, Rani RP. Effect Of Probiotics, Prebiotics, And Synbiotics, On Hypercholesterolemia : A Review. Chinese Journal of Biology 2014; 2014: 1-7.
Xiao JZ, Kondo S, Takahashi N, Miyaji K, Oshida K, Hiramatsu A, Iwatsuki K, et al. Effects Of Milk Products Fermented By Bifidobacterium Longum On Blood Lipids In Rats And Healthy Adult Male Volunteers. J. Dairy Sci 2003; 86: 2452–2461.
Rajkumar H, Mahmood N, Kumar M, Varikuti SR, Challa RH, Myakla SP. Effect of Probiotic (VSL#3) and Omega-3 on Lipid Profile, Insulin Sensitivity, Inflammatory Markers, and Gut Colonization in Overweight Adults: A Randomized, Controlled Trial. Hindawi 2014; 2014: 1-8.
Usman, Hosono A. Bile tolerance, taurocholate deconjugation, and binding of cholesterol by Lactobacillus gasseri Strains. J Dairy Sci 1999; 82: 243-248.
Kimoto H, Ohmomo S, Okamoto T. Cholesterol removal from media by lactococci. J Dairy Sci 2002; 85: 3182–3188.
Kiessling G, Schneider J, Jahreis G. Long-term consumption of fermented dairy products over 6 months increase HDL cholesterol. EJCN 2002; 56: 843-849.
Snydman DR. The safety of probiotics. Clin Infect Dis 2008; 46(2): S104-111.

[1] Balitbangkes. Status Gizi. Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2013; 209-222.

[2] Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Kit BK, Flegal KM. Prevalence of Obesity Among Children and Adolescents: United States, 2011-2012. JAMA 2014; 311(8): 806-814.

[3] Pranata S, Fauziah Y, Budisuari MA, Kusrini I. Status Gizi. Riset Kesehatan Dasar dalam Angka Propinsi Bali 2013. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kementrian Kesehatan RI 2013. 248-275.

[4] Ebbeling CB, Pawlak DB, Ludwig DS. Childhood Obesity: Public-Health Crisis, Common Sense Cure. Lancet 2002; 7(3): 228-234.

[5] Friedland O, Nemet D, Gorodnitsky N, Wolach B, Eliakim A. Obesity And Lipid Profiles In Children And Adolescents. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2002; 15(7): 1011-1016.

[6] Freedman DS. Childhood Obesity and Coronary Heart Disease. In : Kiess, W, Marcus, C, Wabitsch M. Obesity in Childhood and Adolescents. Basel: Karger AG 2004. 160-169.

[7] American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Committee on Nutrition. Cholesterol in Childhood. Pediatrics 1998; 101(1): 141–147.

[8] daSilva ST, Santos CA, Bressan J. Intestinal microbiota; relevance to obesity and modulation by prebiotics and probiotics. Nutr Hosp 2013; 28(4): 1039-1048.

[9] Moreno-Indias I, Cardona F, Tinahones FJ, Queipo-Ortuño MI. Impact Of The Gut Microbiota On The Development Of Obesity And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Microbiol 2014; 5: 190.

[10] Charrois TL, Sandu G, Vohra S. Probiotics. Pediatr Rev 2006; 27(4): 137-139.

[11] Vyas U, Ranganathan N. Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotics: Gut and Beyond. Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2012; 2012: 1-16.

[12] Jones ML, Chen H, Ouyang W, Metz T, Prakash S. Microencapsulated Genetically Engineered Lactobacillus plantarum 80 (pCBH1) for Bile Acid Deconjugation and Its Implication in Lowering Cholesterol. Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2004; 1: 61–69,

[13] Chiang YR, Ismail W, Heintz D, Schaeffer C, van Dorsselaer A, Fuchs G. Study of Anoxic and Oic Cholesterol Metabolism by Sterolibacterium denitrificans. J Bacteriol 2008; 190: 905-914.

[14] Anandharaj M, Sivasankari B, Rani RP. Effect Of Probiotics, Prebiotics, And Synbiotics, On Hypercholesterolemia : A Review. Chinese Journal of Biology 2014; 2014: 1-7.

[15] Xiao JZ, Kondo S, Takahashi N, Miyaji K, Oshida K, Hiramatsu A, Iwatsuki K, et al. Effects Of Milk Products Fermented By Bifidobacterium Longum On Blood Lipids In Rats And Healthy Adult Male Volunteers. J. Dairy Sci 2003; 86: 2452–2461.

[16] Rajkumar H, Mahmood N, Kumar M, Varikuti SR, Challa RH, Myakla SP. Effect of Probiotic (VSL#3) and Omega-3 on Lipid Profile, Insulin Sensitivity, Inflammatory Markers, and Gut Colonization in Overweight Adults: A Randomized, Controlled Trial. Hindawi 2014; 2014: 1-8.

[17] Usman, Hosono A. Bile tolerance, taurocholate deconjugation, and binding of cholesterol by Lactobacillus gasseri Strains. J Dairy Sci 1999; 82: 243-248.

[18] Kimoto H, Ohmomo S, Okamoto T. Cholesterol removal from media by lactococci. J Dairy Sci 2002; 85: 3182–3188.

[19] Kiessling G, Schneider J, Jahreis G. Long-term consumption of fermented dairy products over 6 months increase HDL cholesterol. EJCN 2002; 56: 843-849.

[20] Snydman DR. The safety of probiotics. Clin Infect Dis 2008; 46(2): S104-111.

The efficacy of probiotics supplementation on the lipid profiles of obese adolescents : a randomized trial

Abstract

References

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